|
|
|
Subcortical Structures and Cognition: Implications for Neuropsychological Assessment
Clinical psychologists and neuropsychologists are traditionally taught that cognition is mediated by the cortex and that subcortical brain regions mediate the coordination of movement. However, this argument can easily be challenged based upon the anatomic organization of the brain. The relationship between the prefrontal cortex/frontal lobes and basal ganglia is characterized by loops from these anterior brain regions to the striatum, the globus pallidus, and the thalamus, and then back to the frontal cortex. There is also a cerebrocerebellar system defined by projections from the cerebral cortex to the pontine nuclei, to the cerebellar cortex and deep cerebellar nuclei, to the red nucleus and then back to thalamus and cerebral cortex, including all regions of the frontal lobes. Therefore, both the cortical-striatal and cortical-cerebellar projections are anatomically defined as re-entrant systems that are obviously in a position to influence not only motor behavior, but also cognition and affect. This represents overwhelming evidence based upon neuroanatomy alone that subcortical regions play a role in cognition. The first half of this book defines the functional neuroanatomy of cortical-subcortical circuitries and establishes that since structure is related to function, what the basal ganglia and cerebellum do for movement they also do for cognition and emotion. The second half of the book examines neuropsychological assessment. Patients with lesions restricted to the cerebellum and/or basal ganglia have been described as exhibiting a variety of cognitive deficits on neuropsychological tests. Numerous investigations have demonstrated that higher-level cognitive functions such as attention, executive functioning, language, visuospatial processing, and learning and memory are affected by subcortical pathologies. There is also considerable evidence that the basal ganglia and cerebellum play a critical role in the regulation of affect and emotion. These brain regions are an integral part of the brain’s executive system. The ability to apply new methodologies clinically is essential in the evaluation of disorders with subcortical pathology, including various developmental disorders (broadly defined to include learning disorders and certain psychiatric conditions), for the purpose of gaining greater understanding of these conditions and developing appropriate methodologies for treatment. The book is organized around three sources of evidence: - neuroanatomical connections;
- patients with various disease processes;
- experimental studies, including various imaging techniques.
These three sources of data present compelling evidence that the basal ganglia and cerebellum are involved in cognition, affect, and emotion. The question is no longer if these subcortical regions are involved in these processes, but instead, how they are involved. The book is also organized around two basic concepts: (1) the functional neuroanatomy of the basal ganglia and the cerebellum; and (2) how this relates to behavior and neuropsychological testing. Cognitive neuroscience is entering a new era as we recognize the roles of subcortical structures in the modulation of cognition. The fields of neuropsychology, cognitive psychology, neuropsychiatry, and neurology are all developing in the direction of understanding the roles of subcortical structures in behavior. This book is informative while defining the need and direction for new paradigms and methodologies for neuropsychological assessment. .
Price: $98.97
[ Notify me when price goes down.]
|
|
Human Language and Our Reptilian Brain: The Subcortical Bases of Speech, Syntax, and Thought (Perspectives in Cognitive Neuroscience)
Human Language and Our Reptilian Brain The Subcortical Bases of Speech, Syntax, and Thought Philip Lieberman This book is an entry into the fierce current debate among psycholinguists, neuroscientists, and evolutionary theorists about the nature and origins of human language. A prominent neuroscientist here takes up the Darwinian case, using data seldom considered by psycholinguists and neurolinguists to argue that human language--though more sophisticated than all other forms of animal communication--is not a qualitatively different ability from all forms of animal communication, does not require a quantum evolutionary leap to explain it, and is not unified in a single "language instinct." Using clinical evidence from speech-impaired patients, functional neuroimaging, and evolutionary biology to make his case, Philip Lieberman contends that human language is not a single separate module but a functional neurological system made up of many separate abilities. Language remains as it began, Lieberman argues: a device for coping with the world. But in a blow to human narcissism, he makes the case that this most remarkable human ability is a by-product of our remote reptilian ancestors' abilities to dodge hazards, seize opportunities, and live to see another day. Philip Lieberman is Fred M. Seed Professor of Cognitive and Linguistic Sciences and Professor of Anthropology at Brown University and the author of The Biology and Evolution of Language, Uniquely Human: The Evolution of Speech, Thought, and Selfless Behavior (both from Harvard), and Eve Spoke. Perspectives in Cognitive Neuroscience: A series edited by Stephen M. Kosslyn June 61/8 x 91/4 15 line illus., 1 halftone 224 pp..
Price: $23.00
[ Notify me when price goes down.]
|
|
Subcortical Functions in Language and Memory
How do the thalamus, basal ganglia, and basal forebrain participate in language and memory? Are these anatomic entities involved in regulation of cortical activity, complex information processing, transfer of information between cortical units, motivation, or in other functions? This volume is the first single-authored volume devoted to understanding how deep brain structures participate in language and memory. Addressing a relatively new area of research, the book is unique in two ways. First, it comprehensively covers both language and memory not only with extensive literature reviews, but also with examinations of the anatomy of the structures involved and discussions of theory in light of empirical data. Second, the book takes a systems approach to the topics. In order to produce and understand language or to record and retrieve memories, different parts of the brain must operate as integrated systems. As subcortical structures are parts of these systems, this book endeavors to understand how these phylogenetically older structures contribute to systems responsible for communication and mnestic functions. Designed to facilitate this end, each of the book's sections follows a neuroanatomy--empirical data--theory format. Part I concentrates on the participation (or nonparticipation) of various subcortical structures in language. Rather than attempt to arrive at definitive conclusions, these chapters explore the possibilities suggested by the currently available data. Following a description of the neuroanatomy and a discussion of the data concerning the thalamus and basal ganglia, attention is paid to theories regarding the participation of these structures in language. Part II addresses the thalamus, other diencephalic structures, the basal forebrain, and the basal ganglia regarding their possible roles in memory. The connections between these structures are addressed, as is the relationship between current data on the participation of subcortical structures in memory and current neuropsychological assumptions about memory. The extensive literature on memory in alcoholic Korsakoff's syndrome and Huntington's disease is culled for insights into what memory processes are subserved by subcortical structures, and memory theory is examined in light of what the subcortical literature reveals about memory. Paving the way for future research that holds the promise of a greater flexibility and complexity than now exists with purely cortical models, this volume will interest clinical and experimental neuropsychologists, cognitive psychologists, behavioral neurologists, speech/language pathologists, and psychiatrists with an interest in behavioral neurology. It also serves as a text for upper level graduate courses covering subcortical functions in cognition, neural systems, and advanced human neuropsychology. .
Price: $54.00
[ Notify me when price goes down.]
|
|
Frontal-Subcortical Circuits in Psychiatric and Neurological Disorders
Contemporary research on the links between brain, mind, and human behavior has revealed the key role of the frontal-subcortical circuits in a wide range of neuropsychiatric syndromes and disorders. This authoritative volume reviews current knowledge on the anatomy of these circuits, their connections to other brain regions, and their influences on motor, cognitive, affective, and behavioral functioning. Specific clinical problems discussed include Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, ADHD, schizophrenia, and addictive disorders. Featured are a wealth of informative illustrations, with 8 pages in full color. .
Price: $76.00
[ Notify me when price goes down.]
|
|
Subcortical Vascular Dementia
Vascular dementia is one of the most common forms of mental deterioration for the elderly, second only to Alzheimer's disease It should not be defined as a single disease, but rather as a group of syndromes that relate to different vascular mechanisms. This is one of the first books to be solely dedicated to the specific class of vascular dementia known as subcortical vascular dementia. The strict focus of the chapters give an depth review that will clarify many different aspects and give an unprecedented amount of detail about this clinical problem. Considering that vascular dementia can be prevented with early diagnosis, the research presented in this book will be important for both students and specialists of this important field..
Price: $101.00
[ Notify me when price goes down.]
|
|
The Neuropsychiatry of Limbic and Subcortical Disorders
Limbic and subcortical brain regions mediate fundamental functions such as memory, emotion, motivation, and mood. Limbic and subcortical systems also play a key neurobiological role in other important aspects of human experience, such as substance abuse, reward systems, and religious experience. Most neuropsychiatric disorders involve dysfunction of subcortical structures or the limbic or paralimbic cortex. Dysfunction of temporolimbic systems produces some of the most dramatic and challenging syndromes in clinical medicine. A valuable contribution to the literature on limbic-subcortical systems and neuropsychiatric illness, The Neuropsychiatry of Limbic and Subcortical Disorders presents an overview of functional limbic anatomy and provides a state-of-the-art report on limbic-related syndromes. Part One covers the functional neuroanatomy of limbic and subcortical systems. This emphasis on neuroanatomy provides a foundation for Part Two, which focuses on the limbic system and clinical neuropsychiatric syndromes. Throughout this volulme, extensive literature reviews serve as comprehensive reference sources. Many chapters include color illustrations to depict key points. The contributors are a diverse group of leading investigators with special expertise in the functional aspects of limbic and subcortical anatomy and its relationship to neuropsychiatric illness. The Neuropsychiatry of Limbic and Subcortical Disorders covers a broad range of basic and clinical material at various levels of difficulty. Thus, medical students, psychiatry and neurology residents, psychology trainees, and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in the basic and clinical neurosciences will find this collection beneficial. Experienced clinicians and researchers in these fields will also benefit from the in-depth material that may even encourage a second read..
Price: $60.00
[ Notify me when price goes down.]
|
|
Subcortical Stroke (Oxford Medical Publications)
Subcortical Stroke is a new and fully revised edition of Lancunar and Other Subcortical Infractions(OUP, 1995). Stroke is one of the most common causes of death and subcortical stroke accounts for 20-30% of all cerebrovascular infarcts. Our understanding of stroke processes in general, and subcortical stroke in particular, has advanced considerably in recent years. Research findings from the fields of neurochemistry, imaging and genetics have provided insight and input to our understanding of this condition, and this new edition provides an opportunity to describe these advances, and to relate the findings to the clinical expression, neural mechanism, prognosis and treatment of subcortical stroke. In addition, new subcortical syndromes such as CADASIL are covered, as is subcortical haemorrhage. This book presents a comprehensive and authoritative review of the field with contributions from the leading international experts. Subcortical Stroke is for stroke physicians, neurologists and those researching cerebrovascular diseases..
Price: $120.50
[ Notify me when price goes down.]
|
|
Subcortical modulation of spatial attention including evidence that the Sprague effect extends to man [An article from: Brain and Cognition]
This digital document is a journal article from Brain and Cognition, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser. Description: The Sprague effect is well-established-small tectal lesions restore visual orientation in the hemianopic field of animals with extensive unilateral geniculo-striate lesions. Studies of human midbrain visual functions are rare. This man with a midbrain tumour developed left-neglect through subsequent right frontal damage. Bilateral orientation returned after clear evidence of damage to the superior colliculus contralateral to the cortical lesion (showing the Sprague effect extends to man). Sustained right-neglect developed after probable additional damage to right superior colliculus. The regulation of spatial attention by tecto-pulvinar circuits is discussed, and it is argued that the reduced right tecto-pulvinar activity (consequent to the additional right collicular damage) was offset by over-compensatory increase in thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) suppression of left pulvinar activity. .
Price: $5.95
[ Notify me when price goes down.]
|
|
|
|
|