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The nuclear DNA deaminase AID functions distributively whereas cytoplasmic APOBEC3G has a processive mode of action [An article from: DNA Repair]
This digital document is a journal article from DNA Repair, published by Elsevier in 2007. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser. Description: AID deaminates cytosine in the context of single stranded DNA to generate uracil, essential for effective class-switch recombination, somatic hypermutation and gene conversion at the B cell immunoglobulin locus. As a nuclear DNA mutator, AID activity must be tightly controlled and regulated, but the genetic analysis of AID and other DNA deaminases has left unstudied a number of important biochemical details. We have asked fundamental questions regarding AID's substrate recognition and processing, i.e. whether AID acts distributively or processively. We demonstrate that in vitro, human AID exhibits turnover, a prerequisite for our analysis, and show that it exhibits a distributive mode of action. Using a variety of different assays, we established that human AID is alone unable to act processively on any of a number of DNA substrates, i.e. one AID molecule is unable to carry out multiple, sequential deamination events on the same substrate. This is in contrast to the cytoplasmically expressed anti-viral DNA deaminase APOBEC3G, which acts in a processive manner, possibly suggesting that evolutionary pressure has altered the ability of DNA deaminases to act in a processive or distributive manner, depending on the physiological need. .
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WHEREAS: An entry from Thomson Gale's West's Encyclopedia of American Law
“West's Encyclopedia of American Law” is 13 volumes and 5,000 entries of comprehensive information on the fascinating American Legal System and its components. Covering historical and current terms, concepts, events, movements, cases, and persons significant to U.S law, West’s has been written, updated, and reviewed by lawyers and professors with the everyday user in mind. Everyone from the layperson hooked on the weekly TV courtroom procedural to the serious student can find such valuable information as brief definitions of legal jargon, exhaustive examinations of courtroom procedure, explanations of complex topics such as civil rights, biographies of standout attorneys, analyses of controversial issues, and transcripts of crucial Supreme Court decisions. .
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