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This digital document is a journal article from Analytica Chimica Acta, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
We used the multiple microdialysis probes coupled to a validated liquid chromatographic (LC) system to determine the geniposide in blood, liver, brain and bile of anesthetized rats. The method was used to investigate the pharmacokinetics of geniposide and its influence by the treatment of acupuncture. Separation of geniposide from various biological fluids was applied to a Nova-Pak reversed-phase column (RP-C18, 150mm x 3.9mm i.d.; 5@mm) at ambient temperature (24+/-1^oC). The mobile phase consists of acetonitrile-methanol-5mM monosodium phosphate (pH 4.6; 5:15:80, v/v/v), and the flow rate of the mobile phase was 1mlmin^-^1. The maximum UV absorbance for geniposide was set at a wavelength of 240nm. Our results indicating geniposide may not penetrate the blood-brain barrier. The blood pharmacokinetic parameters suggest that the geniposide appears in a linear dose-dependent manner in the dosage range of 10-100mgkg^-^1. A system consisting of a hepato-duodenal shunt microdialysis model was used to investigate the hepatobiliary excretion of geniposide. The area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of geniposide in bile was significantly greater than that of blood in the dosage of 10mgkg^-^1. The observations indicated active hepatobiliary excretion of geniposide. Acupuncture at Tai-Chong (international code: LIV 3) and Yang-Ling-Chuan acupuncture points (international code: GB 34) was related to the theory of Chinese medicine of liver-bile duct channel and bladder channel, respectively. These results indicate that acupuncture at these two acupoints does not affect the pharmacokinetics of geniposide in rat blood, liver and bile. However, more experimental data on acupuncture points and herbal ingredients are required for the interpretation of the acupuncture and pharmacokinetics on other drugs. .
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This digital document is an article from Transplant News, published by Transplant Communications, Inc. on October 6, 2000. The length of the article is 721 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: UK physicians urge potential organ donors to be anesthetized even after certified brain dead.(Brief Article)
Publication:Transplant News (Newsletter)
Date: October 6, 2000
Publisher: Transplant Communications, Inc.
Volume: 10 Issue: 19 Page: NA

Article Type: Brief Article

Distributed by Thomson Gale.
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This digital document is a journal article from Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
To determine the effects of Tityus serrulatus scorpion toxin on lung compliance and resistance, ionic equilibrium and acid-base balance over time in anesthetized and mechanically ventilated rats, we measured air flow, tracheal and esophageal pressure. Lung volume was obtained by electronic integration of airflow signal. Arterial blood samples were collected through a catheter at baseline (before) and 5, 15, 30 and 60 min after scorpion toxin injection for arterial blood gases, bicarbonate, and alkali reserve levels as well as for, sodium, potassium, magnesium, glucose, lactate, hematocrit, and osmolality analysis. Injection of the gamma fraction of the T. serrulatus scorpion venom in rats under mechanical ventilatory support leads to a continuous decrease in lung compliance secondary to pulmonary edema, but no change in airway resistance. The changes in arterial blood gases characterizing metabolic acidosis were accompanied by an increase in arterial lactate and glucose values, suggesting a scorpion toxin-induced lactic acidosis, in association with poor tissue perfusion (hypotension and low cardiac output). Moreover, scorpion toxin injection resulted in hyperosmolality, hyperkalemia, hypermagnesemia and an increase in hematocrit. The experiments have shown a clinically relevant animal model to study severe scorpion envenoming and may help to better understand the scorpion envenoming syndrome. .
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