CONTENTS
CHAPTER I
PREHISTORIC TIMES.
Prehistoric arch?ology--Prehistoric remains; their antiquity--Prehistoric science--The four ages.
THE ROUGH STONE AGE.
Remains found in the gravels--The
cave-men THE
POLISHED STONE AGE. Lake-villages--Megalithic
monuments THE BRONZE AGE. Bronze--Bronze
objects THE IRON AGE. Iron--Iron weapons--Epochs of the Iron Age.
Conclusions: How the four ages are to be conceived; uncertainties; solved questions.
CHAPTER II
HISTORY AND THE DOCUMENTS. History--Legends--History in general--Great divisions of history--Ancient history--Modern history--The Middle Ages.
SOURCES FOR THE HISTORY OF ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS. Books--Monuments--Inscriptions--Languages--Lacun?.
RACES AND PEOPLES. Anthropology--The races--Civilized peoples--Aryans and Semites.
CHAPTER III
THE EGYPTIANS. Egypt--The country--The Nile--Fertility of the soil--The accounts of Herodotus--Champollion--Egyptologists--Discoveries.
THE EGYPTIAN EMPIRE. Antiquity of the Egyptian people--Memphis and the pyramids--Egyptian civilization--Thebes--The Pharaoh--The subjects--Despotism--Isolation of the Egyptians.
RELIGION OF THE EGYPTIANS. The gods--Osiris--Ammon-r?--Gods with animal heads--Sacred animals--The bull Apis--Worship of the dead--Judgment of the soul--Mummies--Book of the Dead--The arts--Industry-- Architecture--Tombs--Temples--Sculpture--Painting--Literature-- Destinies of the Egyptian civilization.
CHAPTER IV
THE ASSYRIANS AND BABYLONIANS. Chaldea--The land--The people--The cities.
THE ASSYRIANS--Assyria--Origins--Ancient accounts--Modern discoveries-- Inscriptions on bricks--Cuneiform writing--The Assyrian people--The king--Fall of the Assyrian Empire.
THE BABYLONIANS. The second Chaldean empire--Babylon--The Tower of Babylon.
CUSTOMS AND RELIGION. Customs--Religion--The gods--Astrology-- Sorcery--The sciences.
THE ARTS. Architecture--Palaces--Sculpture.
CHAPTER V
THE ARYANS OF INDIA. The Aryans--Aryan languages--The Aryan people.
PRIMITIVE RELIGION OF THE HINDOOS. The Aryans on the Indus--The Vedas--The gods--Indra--Agni--The cult--Worship of ancestors.
BRAHMANIC SOCIETY. The Hindoos on the Ganges--Castes--The Impure--The Brahmans--The new religion of Brahma--Transmigration of souls-- Character of this religion--The rites--Purity--Penances--The monks.
BUDDHISM. Buddha--Nirvana--Charity--Fraternity--Tolerance--Later history of Buddhism--Changes in Buddhism--Buddha transformed into a god--Mechanical prayer--Amelioration of manners.
CHAPTER VI
THE PERSIANS. The religion of Zoroaster--Iran--The Iranians-- Zoroaster--The Zend-Avesta--Ormuzd and Ahriman--Angels and demons-- Creatures of Ormuzd and Ahriman--The cult--Morality--Funerals-- Destiny of the soul--Character of Mazdeism.
THE PERSIAN EMPIRE. The Medes--The Persians--Cyrus--The inscription of Behistun--The Persian empire--The satrapies--Revenues of the empire--The Great King--Services rendered by the Persians--Susa and Persepolis--Persian architecture.
CHAPTER VII
THE PHOENICIANS. The Phoenician people--The land--The cities--Phoenician ruins--Organization of the Phoenician--Tyre--Carthage--Carthaginian army--The Carthaginians--The Phoenician religion.
PHOENICIAN COMMERCE. Occupations of the Phoenicians--Caravans--Marine commerce--Commodities--Secret kept by the Phoenicians--Colonies-- Influence of the Phoenicians--The alphabet.
CHAPTER VIII
THE HEBREWS. Origin of the Hebrew people--The Bible--The Hebrews--The patriarchs--The Israelites--The call of Moses--Israel in the desert--The Promised Land.
THE RELIGION OF ISRAEL. One God--The people of God--The covenant--The Ten Commandments--The Law--Religion constituted the Jewish people.
THE EMPIRE OF ISRAEL. The Judges--The Hangs--Jerusalem--The tabernacle--The temple.
THE PROPHETS. Disasters of Israel--Sentiments of the Israelites--The prophets--The new teaching--The Messiah.
THE JEWISH PEOPLE. Return to Jerusalem--The Jews--The synagogues-- Destruction of the te.
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