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Since 1998, the Dutch Ministry of Agriculture, Nature Management and Food Quality (LNV) promotes development-orientated agricultural and environmental research and strengthening of North-South partnerships through its International Cooperation (DLO-IC) research programme. By 2005, some 70 collaborative North-South projects had been carried out. All science groups in Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR) were involved in the implementation of the programme and at least half the projects and activities undertaken were directly related to Rural Development and Sustainable Agriculture (RDSA).

Facing new challenges with respect to sustainable development strategies for low-income countries, related to global environmental change and globalization of markets, an interdisciplinary Wageningen research group set out to draw lessons from the DLO-IC projects of the last eight years, stimulate discussion and support identification of a future research agenda for RDSA. In that process, special emphasis was given to lessons for future thinking about the contribution of agriculture to: 1) poverty alleviation and rural livelihoods; 2) food security, human nutrition and health; 3) environmental sustainability and natural resource management.

In discussing the way ahead, a number of major research challenges, as well as policy questions are outlined. These include the interrelations between climate change and food security and environmental degradation, increased demand for biofuels and animal feed, and competing claims on natural resources, and rural development and livelihood strategies in low-income countries.

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This is a AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING report procured by the Pentagon and made available for public release It has been reproduced in the best form available to the Pentagon. It is not spiral-bound, but rather assembled with Velobinding in a soft, white linen cover. The Storming Media report number is A332243. The abstract provided by the Pentagon follows: The analysis of fuel air mixing in a scramjet is often accomplished either with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) algorithms or through experimental research. These approaches, while accurate and reliable, are extremely expensive and thus not well suited for use with conventional design optimization methods. In this investigation, Variable Complexity Modeling (VCM) is used to significantly reduce the number of complex, expensive analyses required to optimize the design of a scramjet fuel injection array. A design problem formulation for a lateral transverse injection array is developed and a VCM approach to design optimization is conducted in two stages. Initially, a simplified analysis model is used to provide relatively inexpensive predictions of design fuel air mixing characteristics. A parametric analysis is conducted to explore the design region, and a preliminary optimal design is found using both Sequential Quadratic Programming and a Genetic Algorithm. In the second stage, response surface methodology is supplemented with preliminary stage information to minimize the number of expensive analyses required to finalize the design. It is shown that only 25 design evaluations are required to develop a near optimal design..
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