Books about Solvent from Amazon.com

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Price: $17.13 [Notify me when price goes down.]

The cleaning of a work of art often involves removing not only dirt and grime but also unwanted layers of varnish, gilding, and paint from the work's surface The challenge for conservators lies in finding a cleaning agent that will act on one layer without affecting the layer being preserved and without leaving any harmful residues on the cleaned work. This book, which examines gel cleaning in the treatment of paintings and painted works of art, presents the methodologies, data, and results of a collaborative project of the Getty Conservation Institute and Winterthur Museum.
Among the issues covered are the theory and application of gel cleaning systems, the detection of residues left on the surfaces of objects cleaned with these systems, research into solvent-gel and solvent residues, stability of surfactants during natural and artificial aging, and recommendations for formulating gels for specific cleaning tasks..
Price: $25.91 [Notify me when price goes down.]

The ‘Calcite Sun Oil/ Emulsions” method of Oil Painting is based on the ancient knowledge and materials of the Great Masters, Rembrandt and Velazquez This NEW, yet ancient method of traditional oil painting allows artists to eliminate the hazardous Solvents, Resins, Varnish and Driers that are so dangerous to human health as well as to the permanence of the Artworks. This method is made possible by the “Rebirth of the Old Masters’ superior oil” with its extraordinary properties. Though the academic level is written for Professional and Advanced artists, one Chapter is written especially for beginning oil painters of all ages. Every Academic educational institution should have this ground-breaking fact-filled manual because of their ethical and legal obligation to safeguard the health and safety of their student artists. Now, every professional and independent artist can choose to use a completely SAFE method of oil painting, while gaining tremendous TECHNICAL advantages over the traditional solvent-resin-drier-varnish method. Additional information is on the author’s websites, calcitesunoil.com , and , buddyburro.com.
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This volume recognizes the growing role of solvent extraction and electrowinning technology in the world copper business This well-established, remarkable hydrometallurgical achievement fills an important role in our technical ability to extract copper in an efficient and cost-effective way.

This proceedings documents the present status of the SX-EW business. It represents a substantial body of historical, scientific, engineering, and commercial information regarding the growth and application of the technology..
Price: $89.10 [Notify me when price goes down.]

The first comprehensive guide to one of today's most innovative approaches to environmental contamination Natural attenuation is gaining increasing attention as a nonintrusive, cost-effective alternative to standard remediation techniques for environmental contamination. This landmark work presents the first in-depth examination of the theory, mechanisms, and application of natural attenuation. Written by four internationally recognized leaders in this approach, the book describes both biotic and abiotic natural attenuation processes, focusing on two of the environmental contaminants most frequently encountered in groundwater--fuels and chlorinated solvents. The authors draw on a wealth of combined experience to detail successful techniques for simulating natural attenuation processes and predicting their effectiveness in the field. They also show how natural attenuation works in the real world, using numerous examples and case studies from a wide range of leading-edge projects nationwide involving fuel hydrocarbons and chlorinated solvents. Finally, they discuss the evaluation and assessment of natural attenuation and explore the design of long-term monitoring programs.

An indispensable reference for anyone working in environmental remediation, Natural Attenuation of Fuels and Chlorinated Solvents in the Subsurface is essential reading for scientists and engineers in a range of industries, as well as state and federal environmental regulators, and professors and graduate students in environmental or chemical engineering..
Price: $158.51 [Notify me when price goes down.]

Gradient elution demystified

Of the various ways in which chromatography is applied today, few have been as misunderstood as the technique of gradient elution, which presents many challenges compared to isocratic separation. When properly explained, however, gradient elution can be less difficult to understand and much easier to use than often assumed.

Written by two well-known authorities in liquid chromatography, High-Performance Gradient Elution: The Practical Application of the Linear-Solvent-Strength Model takes the mystery out of the practice of gradient elution and helps remove barriers to the practical application of this important separation technique. The book presents a systematic approach to the current understanding of gradient elution, describing theory, methodology, and applications across many of the fields that use liquid chromatography as a primary analytical tool.

This up-to-date, practical, and comprehensive treatment of gradient elution:
* Provides specific, step-by-step recommendations for developing a gradient separation for any sample
* Describes the best approach for troubleshooting problems with gradient methods
* Guides the reader on the equipment used for gradient elution
* Lists which conditions should be varied first during method development, and explains how to interpret scouting gradients
* Explains how to avoid problems in transferring gradient methods

With a focus on the use of linear solvent strength (LSS) theory for predicting gradient LC behavior and separations by reversed-phase HPLC, High-Performance Gradient Elution gives every chromatographer access to this useful tool..
Price: $94.23 [Notify me when price goes down.]

Keeping pace with current trends in solvent production, this volume builds upon its previous edition with broader coverage of safe handling practices, health effects, physical properties, and chemical synthesis routes to some of the most important organic solvents used in the chemical and allied process industries. This handy reference features a glossary of solvent terminology and an easy-to-reference index of synonyms for chemicals and solvents. The Second Edition features new and updated chapters on the major classes of organic solvents, descriptions for general use, and the chemical formulation, thermodynamic properties, health and toxicity, and combustible characteristics of solvents..
Price: $152.52 [Notify me when price goes down.]

Investigations of Rates and Mechanisms of Reactions, Fourth Edition Part I: General Considerations and Reactions at Conventional Rates Edited by Claude F. Bernasconi Sixteen chapters by internationally recognized authorities cover a wide range of topics, including kinetics in solution, kinetics in the gas phase, kinetics in heterogeneous systems, transition state theory, kinetic isotope effects, catalysis by small molecules and enzymes, kinetics of complex reactions, linear free energy relationships, and non-kinetic methods such as stereochemical studies and the use of tracers and computers. 1986 (0 471-86781-0) 1,041 pp. Part II: Investigation of Elementary Reaction Steps in Solution and Fast Reaction Techniques Edited by Claude F. Bernasconi The new edition of this classic reference gives an up-to-date account of all major approaches to the study of fast reactions. Methods include rapid flow techniques, small perturbations or relaxation techniques (temperature-jump, pressure-jump, electric field methods and ultrasonic techniques), large perturbation techniques (laser and flash photolysis, pulse radiolysis), electrochemical techniques, and line shape techniques (NMR and electron paramagnetic resonance). 1986 (0 471-83096-8) 650 pp. Physical Methods of Chemistry, Second Edition Volume I Components of Scientific Instruments and Applications of Computers to Chemical Research Edited by Bryant W. Rossiter and John F. Hamilton Presents several general laboratory techniques, providing a resource of information on a broad spectrum of components, tools, and techniques. Includes electronics, vacuum and ultrahigh-vacuum equipment and methods, optical components, computer utilization for digital control of instrumentation, and more. 1986 (0 471-08034-9) 850 pp. Volume II Electrochemical Methods Edited by Bryant W. Rossiter and John F. Hamilton Presents a thorough, up-to-date treatment of the application of electrometric methods to chemical systems. Covers potentiometry, voltammetry, controlled potential electrolysis, chronoaperometry, chronocoulometry, chronopotentiometry, spectroelectrochemistry, and more. 1986 (0 471-08027-6) 904 pp..
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